Define Parthenogenesis.

How potato plants reproduce?

What is female heterogamety? Give an example.

Which is better mode of reproduction – sexual or asexual?

What are the two important event in sexual reproduction. 

Name the type of flower which favours cross pollination.

Define terms: Emasculation, Scutellum

Describe the stages in embryo development in a dicot plant.

Why geitonogamy is also referred to as genetical autogamy?

Explain the process of double fertilization in angiosperms.

Define spermiogenesis. Draw a diagrammatic sketch of the electron microscopic view of a mammalian sperm. Label any six parts Contained in its head, neck and middle piece.

Placenta acts as an endocrine tissue. Justify.

Mention the target cells of luteinizing hormone in human males and females. Explain the effect and the changes which the hormone induces in each case.

Describe the post zygotic events leading to implantation and placenta formation in humans. Mention any two functions of placenta.

Define Colostrum, leydig cell, parturition

What is lactational amenorrhea?

Why is hormone releasing IUD considered a good contraceptive to space children?

Explain the zygote intra Fallopian transfer technique (ZIFT). How is intrauterine transfer technique (IUT) different from it?

How does CuT act as an effective contraceptive for human females?

Name the hormonal composition of the oral contraceptive used by human females. Explain how it acts as a contraceptive.

Write the genotype of (i) an individual who is carrier of sickle cell anaemia gene but apparently unaffected, and (ii) an individual affected with the disease.

A tall pea plant with yellow seeds (heterozygous for both the traits) is crossed with a dwarf pea plant with green seeds. Using a Punnett square work out the cross to show the phenotypes and the genotypes of F 1 generation.

A normal couple gave birth to one haemophilic son and two normal daughters. Work out the cross to show the genotypes of the parents and their progeny.

How is codominance different from incomplete dominance and dominance?

Describe the mechanism of pattern of inheritance of ABO blood groups in humans.

Draw schematic representation of the (i) Transcription unit of DNA showing its polarity. Label terminator and coding strand in it.(ii) Explain the role of promoter gene in this unit.

Explain the dual function of AUG codon. Give the sequence of bases it is transcribed from and its anticodon.

How did Hershey and Chase prove that DNA is the hereditary material? Explain their experiment with suitable diagrams.

Why is DNA molecule a more stable genetic material then RNA? Explain.

Mention the role of ribosomes in peptidebond formation. How does ATP facilitate it?

Why are the wings of a butterfly and of a bat called analogous?

What is divergent evolution ? Explain taking an example of plants ?

List any two factors that can distrub the genetic equilibrium.

How is genetic drift different from gene migration? Explain.

Differentiate between divergent and convergent evolution.

What role macrophages play in providing immunity to humans?

How does colostrum provide initial protection against diseases to new born infants? Given one reason.

Name the type of cell the AIDS virus first enters into after getting inside the human body. Explain the sequence of events that the virus undergoes within these cells to increase their progeny.

Name the toxin responsible for the appearance of symptoms of malaria in humans. Why do these symptoms occur periodically?

Why does a doctor administer tetanus antitoxin and not a tetanus vaccine to a child injured in a roadside accident with a bleeding wound? Explain.

A banana herb is virus infected. Describe the method that will help in obtaining healthy banana plants from this diseased plant.

MOET programme has helped in increasing the herd size of the desired variety of cattle. List the steps involved in conducting the programme.

Outcrossing and crossbreeding are two breeding practices in animal husbandry. How are the two practices different from each other and of what advantage are they to the breeders ? Explain.

State the importance of biofortification.

List any two economically important products for humans obtained from Apis indica.

How has the fungus, Trichoderma polysporum proved to be very essential to organtransplant patients ?

Which of the following is a free living bacteria that can fix nitrogen in the soil? Spirulina, Azospirillum, Sonalika.

Explain the role of baculoviruses as biological control agents. Mention their importance in organic farming. (i) How does activated sludge get produced during sewage treatment? (ii) Explain how this sludge is used in biogas production.

Mention the product and its use produced by each of the microbes listed below (i) Streptococcus (ii) Lactobacillus (iii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

What is the role of ethidium bromide during agarosegel electrophoresis of DNA fragments ?

Explain any three methods to force ‘alien’ or recombinant DNA into host cells.

Write the palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DNA strand given and mention the enzyme that will recognise such a sequence.

Give the characteristic feature and source organisms of the DNA polymerase used in PCR.

How and why is the bacterium Thermus aquaticus employed in recombinant DNA technology ? Explain.

What was the speciality of the milk produced by the transgenic cow Rosie ?

Expand the name of the enzyme ADA. Why is this enzyme essential in the human body? Suggest a gene therapy for its deficiency.

Name the insect pest that is killed by the products of cryIAc gene. Explain how the gene makes the plant resistant to the insect pest.

How is mature insulin different from proinsulin secreted by pancreas in humans?

How is a transgenic tobacco plant protected against Meloidogyne incognitia? Explain the procedure.

List any two physiological responses that help you to gradually get acclimatised to high altitudes when you go from the planes.

Name the interaction in each of the following : (i) Cuckoo lays her eggs in the crow’s nest. (ii) Orchid grows on a mango tree. (iii) Ticks live on the skin of dogs. (iv) Sea anemone is often found on the shell of hermit crab.

Differentiate between the following interspecific interactions in a population : (a) Mutualism and Competition (b) Commensalism and Amensalism

Plot a logistic growth curve. Describe nature’s carrying capacity for a species in a particular habitat.

Mention any two significant roles predation plays in nature.

State the difference between the first trophic levels of detritus food chain and grazing food chain.

Trace the succession of plants on a dry bare rock.

Why are the pyramids referred to as ‘upright’ or ‘inverted’? It is stated that the pyramid of energy is always upright. Justify.

Construct an ideal pyramid of energy when 1,000,000 joules of sunlight is available. Label all its trophic levels.

List the features that make a stable biological community.

Giving two reasons explain why there is more species biodiversity in tropical latitudes than in temperate ones.

Differentiate between in situ and ex situ approaches of conservation of biodiversity.

India has more than 50,000 strains of rice. Mention the level of biodiversity it represents.

Draw a pie chart representing the biodiversity of plants showing their proportionate number of species of major taxa.

Reigions to be marked for mosses, ferns, Lichens, angiosperm and fungi

Which major taxa of invertebrates in the global biodiversity of invertebrates occupy the major proportionate.

Name any two sources of electronic wastes. Mention any one way for each of its disposal in developing and developed countries.

What is the relationship between dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)?

At a particular segment of a river near a sugar factory, the BOD is much higher than the normal level. What is it indicative of? What will happen to be living organisms in this part of the river?

Describe eutrophication and biomagnifications giving an example for each.

Explain any three measures which will control vehicular air pollution in Indian cities.